Wear suitable protective equipment is to protect the safety and health of workers' lives and the last line of defense, the correct selection of the appropriate level of protective equipment can effectively prevent occupational poisoning and occupational diseases. The correct selection of labor protection products is to ensure workers' safety and health of the premise. Labor protective equipment used should adhere to the following principles:
First, according to the national standard labor protection products selected
National standards, "labor protective equipment selection rules" (GB11651-89) and national labor protection products with standards and regulations for the selection of labor protection products provide legal technical basis.
Second, according to the relevant provisions of labor protection products to buy
To ensure the quality of labor protection products, our special labor protection supplies of production under the production license, identification card and product safety certification and safety signs three-card system. Production of special labor protection supplies business, but also in accordance with the product on the basis of standard products for self, and issue product certification. Special labor protection supplies should be accepted in the factory where labor protection products quality supervision and inspection agencies sampling, inspection agency assigned by lot security identification card. And by special labor protection supplies safety signs management institutions, strictly examine and issue safety signs. At present, China has a helmet, gas mask filter mask, gas mask filter canisters, safety belts, welding mask, welding goggles, anti-static conductive safety shoes, dust masks, protective toe safety shoes (boots), resistance burning protective clothing, safety nets, anti-shock eye goggles, safety boots rubber surface anti-smashing, anti-acid clothes, Protective
Fabric, shoes, acid and alkali, anti-puncture shoes, insulation shoes, rubber shoes and other 19 kinds of low voltage insulated special labor protection Goods must be issued production license to produce and must be attached to a product "safe identification card." This is 19 kinds of optional protective equipment should see if there are "three cards" a sign, if not it is illegal products.
Third, using the principles of deadlines and scrap
Flame
resistant overalls to the workplace environment with the period of use, frequency of use of labor protection supplies, labor protection products, and many other factors inherent nature. According to the actual situation in some areas developed mandatory: If Shandong Province based on the operating environment, use of helmets for industrial enterprises is defined as the period of use: Metallurgical rolling mill slab job 36 months; cold job 48 months; coal operations, civil job 24 months; Geological pits jobs fitters, drillers, sampling work for 12 months.
In general, life should consider the following three principles:
1, corrosion
Depending on the operation of the labor protective equipment worn operations can be divided into heavy corrosion, corrosion of corrosion and light jobs jobs. Corrosion reflect the operating environment and the types of usage.
2, wear and tear
According to the degree of protection reduces wear and tear can be divided into susceptible, medium and mandatory retirement by the loss. Care products by the loss of protective performance reflected the situation.
3, durable performance
According to the life cycle can be divided into durable, durable and non-durable medium. Durable performance reflects the material conditions of labor protection products, such as using high-temperature flame-retardant fabric made of flame-retardant protective clothing, fire retardant treated than fabric flame retardant protective clothing and durable. Durable performance reflects the comprehensive quality protective equipment.
2013年9月29日星期日
2013年9月28日星期六
Cotton flame retardant overalls instructions
First, the use
Cotton flame retardant overalls for general industrial and thermal protection. In the fire occurred or clothes on fire , it should be left as soon as possible sources of ignition or heat , shaking clothes and clothes off as soon as possible . Flame retardant performance clothing fabric through a series of chemical treatment on the fibers adhered to , so when the cleaning needs special attention in order to keep it as long as possible fire protective properties. And we should be clear prior to use , flame retardant fabric overalls , there are many occasions does not apply , such as fire fighting , metal splash, industrial radiography and harmful light, a lot of welding to fly , high temperature environment , there are chemical splash and corrosion of the occasion.
Retardant overalls
Second, washing and drying Precautions
A new fire-retardant overalls needed before the first use to wash once.
2 , and the washing temperature should be controlled at 60 º C or less, do not use boiling water . In guaranteed under the premise of clean , try to use a relatively low temperature, shrinkage control clothing to prevent fire retardant overalls shrink.
3 , in the wash when you wish to use the Flame resistant overalls supermarket sales of household synthetic detergent , bio- synthetic detergent , PH value is preferably neutral . Avoid using strong oxidizing agents such as bleaching powder , sodium hypochlorite bleach products, avoid using fabric softener , these chemicals may diminish clothes flame retardant properties.
4 , avoid the use of soap and soap powder .
Another point to note , after completing the washing retardant overalls to avoid direct sun exposure , may take the natural drying or machine drying, and drying temperature must be 70 ° C or less, when the clothes were still a little wet or dry immediately removed the clothes from the dryer to avoid excessive contraction of clothes .
If you need ironing, the clothes still a little humid circumstances ironing as well. Cotton flame retardant overalls we can use dry cleaning, general commercial dry cleaners will not affect its flame retardant properties.
Cotton flame retardant overalls for general industrial and thermal protection. In the fire occurred or clothes on fire , it should be left as soon as possible sources of ignition or heat , shaking clothes and clothes off as soon as possible . Flame retardant performance clothing fabric through a series of chemical treatment on the fibers adhered to , so when the cleaning needs special attention in order to keep it as long as possible fire protective properties. And we should be clear prior to use , flame retardant fabric overalls , there are many occasions does not apply , such as fire fighting , metal splash, industrial radiography and harmful light, a lot of welding to fly , high temperature environment , there are chemical splash and corrosion of the occasion.
Retardant overalls
Second, washing and drying Precautions
A new fire-retardant overalls needed before the first use to wash once.
2 , and the washing temperature should be controlled at 60 º C or less, do not use boiling water . In guaranteed under the premise of clean , try to use a relatively low temperature, shrinkage control clothing to prevent fire retardant overalls shrink.
3 , in the wash when you wish to use the Flame resistant overalls supermarket sales of household synthetic detergent , bio- synthetic detergent , PH value is preferably neutral . Avoid using strong oxidizing agents such as bleaching powder , sodium hypochlorite bleach products, avoid using fabric softener , these chemicals may diminish clothes flame retardant properties.
4 , avoid the use of soap and soap powder .
Another point to note , after completing the washing retardant overalls to avoid direct sun exposure , may take the natural drying or machine drying, and drying temperature must be 70 ° C or less, when the clothes were still a little wet or dry immediately removed the clothes from the dryer to avoid excessive contraction of clothes .
If you need ironing, the clothes still a little humid circumstances ironing as well. Cotton flame retardant overalls we can use dry cleaning, general commercial dry cleaners will not affect its flame retardant properties.
2013年9月27日星期五
Definition and working principle of waterproof fabric
Waterproof Fabric is a new textile fabric , its composition by the polymer waterproof breathable material (PTFE membrane ) plus composite fabrics made of cloth . Waterproof breathable fabric main features are: waterproof, breathability , insulation, windproof and warm. Speaking from the production process , the technical requirements of waterproof breathable fabric waterproof fabric than the average much higher ; also from the quality point of view, waterproof and breathable fabric also has other waterproof fabrics do not have functional features. In strengthening the fabric waterproof breathable fabric tightness , water tightness , while its unique vapor permeability resistance, can be quickly discharged water vapor inside the structure , to avoid structural breed mold , and always keep the body dry , the perfect solution breathable and windproof , waterproof, warm and other issues, is a healthy and environmentally friendly new fabric .
Truly waterproof fabric long in a humid climate environment can withstand the pressure of water seepage , water seepage . Such as a long walk outdoors in wet and windy , kneeling or sitting on the wet ground , are not water seepage.
In the vapor state, the water particles are very small , according to the principle of capillary movement , can successfully penetrate into the capillary to the other side , so that the phenomenon occurs vapor permeability . When moisture condensation becomes drops , the particle becomes large , because the surface tension of water droplets ( water molecules to each other " counter pull " ) , the water molecules can not penetrate the drops smoothly from the other side , which is prevented water penetration occurs , the membrane with the water vapor permeability function.
Truly waterproof fabric long in a humid climate environment can withstand the pressure of water seepage , water seepage . Such as a long walk outdoors in wet and windy , kneeling or sitting on the wet ground , are not water seepage.
In the vapor state, the water particles are very small , according to the principle of capillary movement , can successfully penetrate into the capillary to the other side , so that the phenomenon occurs vapor permeability . When moisture condensation becomes drops , the particle becomes large , because the surface tension of water droplets ( water molecules to each other " counter pull " ) , the water molecules can not penetrate the drops smoothly from the other side , which is prevented water penetration occurs , the membrane with the water vapor permeability function.
2013年9月26日星期四
Flame retardant fiber production process
There are Flame
retardant fabric manufacturing coating, blending , and graft copolymerization modification method and core-sheath composite spinning method . Coating method is a fiber made of a flame retardant used in the production process or its physical adsorption or chemical binding , the flame attached to the flame-retardant fiber to achieve the purpose of the method . However, moisture can lead to physical adsorption , toxicity and other issues, it will cause fabrics chemisorption strength decreased , feel hard and other defects. And this fire-retardant treatment method limited scope depends on the skills and finishing plant , the treatment effect instability, poor durability . This method is generally used for natural fiber fabrics and synthetic blended fabric with flame processing, can also be used for pure polyester , polyacrylonitrile fabric processing , but the application is not common. Blending the spinning slice that is added during the manufacturing process or the flame retardant was added to a melt spinning method to obtain flame retardant fiber . To produce a flame retardant polypropylene fiber , the addition of flame retardants , there are two methods : ① Full Granulation : the polypropylene , flame retardants , stabilizers were blended , and extrusion granulation . Pellets with this spinning , flame retardant properties can be obtained with polypropylene fibers. ② masterbatch method: flame retardants, carrier , stabilizer were blended granulation, which is masterbatch pellets . Spinning , the polypropylene masterbatch certain proportion slices mixed, and spun to obtain a flame retardant polypropylene fiber . This method uses the more common , reducing the spinning temperature , to improve the spinnability of the polypropylene , the yarn strength, elongation qualities such little effect . Copolymerization polymer that is added during polymerization of the monomer in a flame retardant obtained by copolymerizing a molecular chain containing fire retardant chemicals unit slice spinning method . Modified polymers using this method , durable flame retardancy . This method is mainly used for addition polymerization type ( polyacrylonitrile ) and polycondensation type ( polyester, polyamide ) . Graft modification method is to use radiant heat , high-energy electron beam or chemical initiator of the fiber and flame retardant monomer graft copolymerization, to obtain effective and lasting flame retardant modified method . Fire retardant and flame retardant modified fiber grafting monomer graft copolymerization retardant elements and relevant parts . The flame-retardant sheath-core composite spinning method for modifying the application is not common , primarily because of the need complicated spinning apparatus . In recent years, composite flame retardant polyester fiber spinning method , the use of skin - core structure , that is, or add a flame retardant copolymer polyester core common polyester composite spun from the cortex . This is to prevent premature decomposition of halogenated flame retardants affect hydrogen halide leave the flame retardant effect, and also prevents certain shortcomings of phosphorus flame retardants are not high temperature , but also to maintain the original appearance of the fibers , whiteness and dyeability .
2013年9月24日星期二
UV method for producing textile fabrics
UV fabric , there are two methods, one fiber-forming polymer in the polymerization process or added to a molten state composition having an ultraviolet shielding performance . Choose a suitable UV absorbers with fiber-forming polymer with a monomer copolymer prepared by the UV copolymer , and then spun into UV fibers. Second, in the fiber manufacturing process or any stage UV shielding agent into the fibers. UV manufacturing fiber spinning can be obtained by blending the UV- screening agent or an ultraviolet absorber polymer powder added to the polymer blend or direct spinning , can be made of anti-UV masterbatch then spun .
UV shielding agent through the coating or impregnation processing methods for finishing of textiles . Coating method is generally added in the amount of coating agents ultraviolet shielding agent , the surface of the fabric with the applicator for precision thin coating , and after drying , and the necessary heat treatment, a thin film formed on the surface of the fabric . Dipping the shielding agent is usually combined with the fiber , organic screening agent and fiber bonding is mainly masked by crosslinking agent molecules to macromolecules and fiber links , inorganic screening agent with the fibers primarily by adhesive binding shielding agent stuck in the textile fibers.
UV radiation UV shielding agent mainly rely on the reflection and absorption of the UV radiation on the fabric by triple shielding against UV , which is to go through the surface of the inorganic screening agent reflection , through sub-layer absorbs organic screening agent , and finally by the inner fiber its absorption , can achieve the purpose of shielding ultraviolet radiation . Cross-linking agent can be crosslinked organic UV screening agent on the fiber , the inorganic mask by an adhesive agent adhered to the fabric surface . If the fabric through double shielded , can achieve the desired results , usually only after a finishing can be.
According to the information abroad , the fabric UV shielding rate of about 90%, in order to achieve practical requirements. Therefore, the need through a certain process, improve the fabric UV absorption properties.
Textile fiber itself has a certain UV shielding effect absorption , UV textile raw materials should be preferred to absorb UV shielding itself has a certain function of the fiber. Differences in the structure of the fiber , various fibers to UV shielding effect are quite different . Polyester molecules containing benzene , wool, silk and other protein fibers molecules containing aromatic amino acids, strong UV absorption ; cotton , rayon and other fibers to UV absorption is weak. Bamboo fiber contained sodium copper chlorophyll is safe , good UV absorbers , UV its antibacterial deodorizing effect is cotton fabric 20 times .
In addition , bamboo fiber also has strong moisture absorption , antimicrobial resistance, good dyeing and breathable performance, delicate and smooth , cool feeling , light , wearable , beautiful color, good drape properties. So, choose anti-acid fabric has some excellent shielding ultraviolet absorbing bamboo fiber as raw material .
Inorganic zinc oxide UV shielding agent reflection wavelength 240-380nm, shielding effect, and inexpensive , non-toxic. With bamboo fiber contained sodium copper chlorophyll absorption wavelength of 180-290nm play a complementary effect.
The organic ultraviolet shielding agents are salicylic acid lipid compound, a metal ion compound , benzene, ketones , and benzotriazole . Salicylic acid lipids low melting point, easy sublimation and the absorption wavelength distribution in the short side of the compound of the metal ions , often used as a chelate , benzene, ketones high prices . Therefore, the choice benzotriazoles .
The impregnation method , a dipping process has little effect on the texture of the product . Summer apparel fabrics to light the main varieties , with the impregnation method of processing is more appropriate.
As a benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber is insoluble in water , such as the shield is dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent finishing , only the operation inconvenient , and pollution of the environment , the use of benzotriazole UV absorbers for emulsification , the shielding agent is uniformly dispersed in the aqueous phase , with a crosslinking agent treatment liquid epoxy dubbed . Then by dipping, drying and curing process .
UV shielding agent through the coating or impregnation processing methods for finishing of textiles . Coating method is generally added in the amount of coating agents ultraviolet shielding agent , the surface of the fabric with the applicator for precision thin coating , and after drying , and the necessary heat treatment, a thin film formed on the surface of the fabric . Dipping the shielding agent is usually combined with the fiber , organic screening agent and fiber bonding is mainly masked by crosslinking agent molecules to macromolecules and fiber links , inorganic screening agent with the fibers primarily by adhesive binding shielding agent stuck in the textile fibers.
UV radiation UV shielding agent mainly rely on the reflection and absorption of the UV radiation on the fabric by triple shielding against UV , which is to go through the surface of the inorganic screening agent reflection , through sub-layer absorbs organic screening agent , and finally by the inner fiber its absorption , can achieve the purpose of shielding ultraviolet radiation . Cross-linking agent can be crosslinked organic UV screening agent on the fiber , the inorganic mask by an adhesive agent adhered to the fabric surface . If the fabric through double shielded , can achieve the desired results , usually only after a finishing can be.
According to the information abroad , the fabric UV shielding rate of about 90%, in order to achieve practical requirements. Therefore, the need through a certain process, improve the fabric UV absorption properties.
Textile fiber itself has a certain UV shielding effect absorption , UV textile raw materials should be preferred to absorb UV shielding itself has a certain function of the fiber. Differences in the structure of the fiber , various fibers to UV shielding effect are quite different . Polyester molecules containing benzene , wool, silk and other protein fibers molecules containing aromatic amino acids, strong UV absorption ; cotton , rayon and other fibers to UV absorption is weak. Bamboo fiber contained sodium copper chlorophyll is safe , good UV absorbers , UV its antibacterial deodorizing effect is cotton fabric 20 times .
In addition , bamboo fiber also has strong moisture absorption , antimicrobial resistance, good dyeing and breathable performance, delicate and smooth , cool feeling , light , wearable , beautiful color, good drape properties. So, choose anti-acid fabric has some excellent shielding ultraviolet absorbing bamboo fiber as raw material .
Inorganic zinc oxide UV shielding agent reflection wavelength 240-380nm, shielding effect, and inexpensive , non-toxic. With bamboo fiber contained sodium copper chlorophyll absorption wavelength of 180-290nm play a complementary effect.
The organic ultraviolet shielding agents are salicylic acid lipid compound, a metal ion compound , benzene, ketones , and benzotriazole . Salicylic acid lipids low melting point, easy sublimation and the absorption wavelength distribution in the short side of the compound of the metal ions , often used as a chelate , benzene, ketones high prices . Therefore, the choice benzotriazoles .
The impregnation method , a dipping process has little effect on the texture of the product . Summer apparel fabrics to light the main varieties , with the impregnation method of processing is more appropriate.
As a benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber is insoluble in water , such as the shield is dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent finishing , only the operation inconvenient , and pollution of the environment , the use of benzotriazole UV absorbers for emulsification , the shielding agent is uniformly dispersed in the aqueous phase , with a crosslinking agent treatment liquid epoxy dubbed . Then by dipping, drying and curing process .
Retardant fabric is welders security methods
Flame retardant fabric is welders security methods : modern industrial production , although the welding process started relatively late , but it showed an increasing pace of development trend , more and showing irreplaceable advantages , because it casting, forging phase combination makes it increasingly high cost . But contrast , welding work in fires , explosions shocking. I combine many years of work experience, summed up some of the lessons of the accident , the welding job security methods and studies done some summary , mainly as follows:
First, safety knowledge training and learning is to carry out welding work technical support. Construction workers on the one hand, technical requirements , welders must be certified , only after rigorous technical examination apprenticeship , independently. The other is to continuously improve the safety awareness of welders , their own qualities , such as frequent fire of knowledge training for welders , such as fire-fighting for different combustion methods , use of fire extinguishers ; fire and explosion welding process knowledge, such as combustible gas, liquid fire , explosion-proof method , the process of cutting fire technology ; basics of hazardous chemicals , and other substances in the combustion basics .
Second, the safe construction environment is the premise and guarantee to carry out welding work . There is flammable and explosive materials , fire ban area or place does not understand the surrounding environment is not possible to operate these solders parts should be removed and transported to a safe zone for construction operations. If there are flammable, explosive, toxic gases indoor work, should be ventilated until the indoor flammable, explosive, toxic gases exhausted to the outside or density is small , the technical determination on construction sites , in order to ensure safe and reliable after before construction . If the construction site welding conditions bad, but can not be removed with combustible materials , welding materials and must not be removed during the construction , fuel can be processed , such as covered fireproof , water increases the humidity and other ways to achieve the fire safety purposes.
Third, prior to welding the welding object is to ensure that the necessary cleaning an important part of the welding job security . Be sure to investigate the exact circumstances of welding material inside , if the welding material was stored in flammable and explosive liquid substance, it should be cut, cutting , welding operation, the first of these substances to clean , if there is not dissolved solids residue stream object should be clean, then rinse eradication ; if the welding material to store flammable gas, gas to displace the specific actions are available inert gas or water and other substances injected into the weld material in order to achieve the combustible out of the gas replacement purposes. The internal processing clean , be sure to do the welding material and technical determination of the construction site to ensure safety . In addition , the welding point next to the parcel of combustible materials must not be welded , should be removed before work .
Fourth, personal safety is to ensure the safety of an important prerequisite for welding operations . Personal protective measures Flammability class mainly refers to the head , face , eye, ear , respiratory, hands, feet and body such as personal protection. There are dust-proof , anti-virus , anti- noise and anti-high temperature radiation , anti- radiation , anti-UV fabric , anti mechanical trauma. In addition to general welding work wear protective equipment ( such as overalls, gloves, goggles and masks ) , the occasion for special operations , you can also wear a welding cap ventilation to prevent coal dust. Place for highly toxic in case of emergency repair welding operation , can be worn isolated oxygen breathing apparatus, to prevent acute occupational poisoning accidents. To protect your eyes from arc welders harm must be used during welding mask inlaid with special protective lenses , and according to the intensity of different welding current to choose different types of filter chip . Welders should wear light-colored or white canvas overalls and fastened cuffs , collar buttoned , the skin is not exposed, to prevent skin injury. For a long time to work in noisy environments should wear ear protectors to reduce harmful levels of noise on people .
Five , before and after welding the welding material safety checks is to ensure that the importance of safety measures in welding operations . Before welding the welding object whether it is or whether there is pressure sealed to check if there is pressure present , must not operate , they should immediately relief , open the device. Even if all the security checks already done , but also according to site requirements spot welding , welding materials , welding quantity with a certain amount of fire fighting equipment . For complex environment , harsh conditions of the construction site , but you can call fire , laying of water in order to keep on standby, ready to do proactive .
Flame welding work at the end of multifunctional composite fabric , it can not be taken lightly and some welding accidents often occur in the final stages of construction , in the construction of everyone's vigilance is often relatively high, and to the final stage , suddenly relaxed , after established safety measures can not consistently perform , so as to cause a number of serious accidents . So finishing welding operations , should pay attention to the following points: First, the final stage is often after the withdrawal of a number of safety features , there will be some small part of the temporary need to do some fine processing , the workload is very small, but this time can not be sloppy , not trouble, but also safety only after resettlement work . Second, the welding is completed , a timely check welding quality is qualified, whether false welding , weld phenomena , weld pressure , hydraulic capacity whether the target in order to detect the problem before feeding in order to promptly resolve . Also, be sure to wait after soldering soldering material is completely cool before feeding . Third, thorough welding is completed, the workplace should be carefully checked whether there is difficult to find the fire , and would like guards or explain to the officer on duty , etc. , so that they stepped up patrols inspection, if found burning smell , the smell of unusual circumstances, should be promptly reported to the relevant departments and units , to take timely measures .
Therefore, the welding operation , the security involved from the welding technology, welding environment , clean the welding object to the welding job security of individuals and the welding operation inspection before and after welding and many other aspects of objects , should be sources of pollution, transmission, personal protection and other aspects of comprehensive management . Only by constantly sum up experience safe welding practices and good practice, ensure the welding quality of the premise , combined with the actual situation of the development of practical countermeasures against harmful factors, to create a safe , sanitary , comfortable working environment, in order to both to ensure the health of construction workers welding , but also improve the quality of construction and welding operations efficiency .
First, safety knowledge training and learning is to carry out welding work technical support. Construction workers on the one hand, technical requirements , welders must be certified , only after rigorous technical examination apprenticeship , independently. The other is to continuously improve the safety awareness of welders , their own qualities , such as frequent fire of knowledge training for welders , such as fire-fighting for different combustion methods , use of fire extinguishers ; fire and explosion welding process knowledge, such as combustible gas, liquid fire , explosion-proof method , the process of cutting fire technology ; basics of hazardous chemicals , and other substances in the combustion basics .
Second, the safe construction environment is the premise and guarantee to carry out welding work . There is flammable and explosive materials , fire ban area or place does not understand the surrounding environment is not possible to operate these solders parts should be removed and transported to a safe zone for construction operations. If there are flammable, explosive, toxic gases indoor work, should be ventilated until the indoor flammable, explosive, toxic gases exhausted to the outside or density is small , the technical determination on construction sites , in order to ensure safe and reliable after before construction . If the construction site welding conditions bad, but can not be removed with combustible materials , welding materials and must not be removed during the construction , fuel can be processed , such as covered fireproof , water increases the humidity and other ways to achieve the fire safety purposes.
Third, prior to welding the welding object is to ensure that the necessary cleaning an important part of the welding job security . Be sure to investigate the exact circumstances of welding material inside , if the welding material was stored in flammable and explosive liquid substance, it should be cut, cutting , welding operation, the first of these substances to clean , if there is not dissolved solids residue stream object should be clean, then rinse eradication ; if the welding material to store flammable gas, gas to displace the specific actions are available inert gas or water and other substances injected into the weld material in order to achieve the combustible out of the gas replacement purposes. The internal processing clean , be sure to do the welding material and technical determination of the construction site to ensure safety . In addition , the welding point next to the parcel of combustible materials must not be welded , should be removed before work .
Fourth, personal safety is to ensure the safety of an important prerequisite for welding operations . Personal protective measures Flammability class mainly refers to the head , face , eye, ear , respiratory, hands, feet and body such as personal protection. There are dust-proof , anti-virus , anti- noise and anti-high temperature radiation , anti- radiation , anti-UV fabric , anti mechanical trauma. In addition to general welding work wear protective equipment ( such as overalls, gloves, goggles and masks ) , the occasion for special operations , you can also wear a welding cap ventilation to prevent coal dust. Place for highly toxic in case of emergency repair welding operation , can be worn isolated oxygen breathing apparatus, to prevent acute occupational poisoning accidents. To protect your eyes from arc welders harm must be used during welding mask inlaid with special protective lenses , and according to the intensity of different welding current to choose different types of filter chip . Welders should wear light-colored or white canvas overalls and fastened cuffs , collar buttoned , the skin is not exposed, to prevent skin injury. For a long time to work in noisy environments should wear ear protectors to reduce harmful levels of noise on people .
Five , before and after welding the welding material safety checks is to ensure that the importance of safety measures in welding operations . Before welding the welding object whether it is or whether there is pressure sealed to check if there is pressure present , must not operate , they should immediately relief , open the device. Even if all the security checks already done , but also according to site requirements spot welding , welding materials , welding quantity with a certain amount of fire fighting equipment . For complex environment , harsh conditions of the construction site , but you can call fire , laying of water in order to keep on standby, ready to do proactive .
Flame welding work at the end of multifunctional composite fabric , it can not be taken lightly and some welding accidents often occur in the final stages of construction , in the construction of everyone's vigilance is often relatively high, and to the final stage , suddenly relaxed , after established safety measures can not consistently perform , so as to cause a number of serious accidents . So finishing welding operations , should pay attention to the following points: First, the final stage is often after the withdrawal of a number of safety features , there will be some small part of the temporary need to do some fine processing , the workload is very small, but this time can not be sloppy , not trouble, but also safety only after resettlement work . Second, the welding is completed , a timely check welding quality is qualified, whether false welding , weld phenomena , weld pressure , hydraulic capacity whether the target in order to detect the problem before feeding in order to promptly resolve . Also, be sure to wait after soldering soldering material is completely cool before feeding . Third, thorough welding is completed, the workplace should be carefully checked whether there is difficult to find the fire , and would like guards or explain to the officer on duty , etc. , so that they stepped up patrols inspection, if found burning smell , the smell of unusual circumstances, should be promptly reported to the relevant departments and units , to take timely measures .
Therefore, the welding operation , the security involved from the welding technology, welding environment , clean the welding object to the welding job security of individuals and the welding operation inspection before and after welding and many other aspects of objects , should be sources of pollution, transmission, personal protection and other aspects of comprehensive management . Only by constantly sum up experience safe welding practices and good practice, ensure the welding quality of the premise , combined with the actual situation of the development of practical countermeasures against harmful factors, to create a safe , sanitary , comfortable working environment, in order to both to ensure the health of construction workers welding , but also improve the quality of construction and welding operations efficiency .
2013年9月18日星期三
Selected retardant fabric four steps
flame retardant fabric industry booming market retardant fabric is also uneven, so we picked it pay attention to what , how kind of flame retardant fabrics more
For welders and working labor-intensive jobs . Then the selection of the time mainly the following four steps:
First : Look retardant fabric for each trademark , complete, sign and have the correct security maintenance, maintenance , washing instruction manual is a must.
Second: touch retardant fabric, good quality feels softer feel , does not irritate the skin.
Third: Look retardant fabric appearance, no damage , defects and suture defects.
Fourth: to smell the smell of fire-retardant fabric , flame retardant fabric unqualified certain pungent odor and with a certain amount of toxicity, there should be a normal flame retardant fabric pungent odor and smell.
Mainly above 4 points , one by one test , you can choose to own ease, comfortable flame retardant fabric up .
For welders and working labor-intensive jobs . Then the selection of the time mainly the following four steps:
First : Look retardant fabric for each trademark , complete, sign and have the correct security maintenance, maintenance , washing instruction manual is a must.
Second: touch retardant fabric, good quality feels softer feel , does not irritate the skin.
Third: Look retardant fabric appearance, no damage , defects and suture defects.
Fourth: to smell the smell of fire-retardant fabric , flame retardant fabric unqualified certain pungent odor and with a certain amount of toxicity, there should be a normal flame retardant fabric pungent odor and smell.
Mainly above 4 points , one by one test , you can choose to own ease, comfortable flame retardant fabric up .
How to test the flame retardant fabrics and other products
Variety of flame retardant products in public places , specifications varied , and how these products for thousands of flame retardant performance test is a common concern. After several convene an expert seminar on the following categories determined by flame-retardant properties of flame retardant products tested .
1 , fire-retardant building products : the same material and the same structure of building materials , if the thickest and thinnest material can simultaneously achieve a certain level requirements, may be considered material thickness in the meantime also meet the grade requirements . ( Flame retardant flooring materials : the same kind of material, if the thickest and thinnest retardant flooring materials can simultaneously achieve a certain level requirements, can be considered a thickness in the meantime retardant flooring materials also meet the grade requirements . )
2, the flame retardant fabric : the same material , if the minimum and maximum surface density fire-resistant fabric can simultaneously achieve a certain level requirements , can be considered flame surface density of the fabric article in the meantime also meet the grade requirements .
3 , flame retardant plastics / rubber : the same kind of material, if the thickest and thinnest flame resistant plastic can simultaneously achieve a certain level requirements, can be considered a thickness in the meantime flame-retardant plastic / rubber products also meet the grade requirements . ( Note: sample preparation , electrical enclosures , etc. can be shaped in a non- uniform thickness part sampling ; switches, sockets, select the flat parts as possible , if the sizes do not match, can be an appropriate way of stitching . )
4 , fire-retardant foam : the same density case, if the thickest and thinnest foam products can simultaneously achieve a certain level requirements, which can be considered as the thickness between the foam products also meet the grade requirements .
5 , flame retardant furniture / components: the same material and the same structure of the furniture / components, if large-sized furniture / components required by the test reaches a certain level , it can be considered smaller than the other specifications of the furniture / components also meet the grade requirements .
6 , wire and cable : the same kind of structure ( refer to inner and outer sheath , armor , filling materials, insulation materials identical ) similar cable if the maximum and minimum diameter product can simultaneously achieve a certain level requirements, which can be considered as the product between the OD also meet the grade requirements .
1 , fire-retardant building products : the same material and the same structure of building materials , if the thickest and thinnest material can simultaneously achieve a certain level requirements, may be considered material thickness in the meantime also meet the grade requirements . ( Flame retardant flooring materials : the same kind of material, if the thickest and thinnest retardant flooring materials can simultaneously achieve a certain level requirements, can be considered a thickness in the meantime retardant flooring materials also meet the grade requirements . )
2, the flame retardant fabric : the same material , if the minimum and maximum surface density fire-resistant fabric can simultaneously achieve a certain level requirements , can be considered flame surface density of the fabric article in the meantime also meet the grade requirements .
3 , flame retardant plastics / rubber : the same kind of material, if the thickest and thinnest flame resistant plastic can simultaneously achieve a certain level requirements, can be considered a thickness in the meantime flame-retardant plastic / rubber products also meet the grade requirements . ( Note: sample preparation , electrical enclosures , etc. can be shaped in a non- uniform thickness part sampling ; switches, sockets, select the flat parts as possible , if the sizes do not match, can be an appropriate way of stitching . )
4 , fire-retardant foam : the same density case, if the thickest and thinnest foam products can simultaneously achieve a certain level requirements, which can be considered as the thickness between the foam products also meet the grade requirements .
5 , flame retardant furniture / components: the same material and the same structure of the furniture / components, if large-sized furniture / components required by the test reaches a certain level , it can be considered smaller than the other specifications of the furniture / components also meet the grade requirements .
6 , wire and cable : the same kind of structure ( refer to inner and outer sheath , armor , filling materials, insulation materials identical ) similar cable if the maximum and minimum diameter product can simultaneously achieve a certain level requirements, which can be considered as the product between the OD also meet the grade requirements .
2013年9月17日星期二
Anti-static overalls production of technical requirements
Select antistatic overalls antistatic properties have some durability , therefore , also need to choose antistatic fabric overalls pollution in the workplace determined by washing requirements , select the appropriate level of anti-static overalls .
Antistatic overalls for fire and explosion sites, so should normally choose to have flame retardant anti-static overalls for workers to provide more reliable protection. Operatives and similar types of work stations to use anti- static overalls, should also have the effect of anti-oil .
Cotton overalls made to prevent electrostatic effect , but not necessarily be able to achieve the desired anti-static overalls one-piece garment electric charge is less than 0.6μC requirements , especially after washing , because the choice of detergent and other reasons, it prevent electrostatic effect will decline , therefore , the choice of cotton fabric, anti-static overalls, particularly in the northern dry areas , we must be careful.
Antistatic overalls for fire and explosion sites, so should normally choose to have flame retardant anti-static overalls for workers to provide more reliable protection. Operatives and similar types of work stations to use anti- static overalls, should also have the effect of anti-oil .
Cotton overalls made to prevent electrostatic effect , but not necessarily be able to achieve the desired anti-static overalls one-piece garment electric charge is less than 0.6μC requirements , especially after washing , because the choice of detergent and other reasons, it prevent electrostatic effect will decline , therefore , the choice of cotton fabric, anti-static overalls, particularly in the northern dry areas , we must be careful.
2013年9月16日星期一
For fireproof awareness
flame retardant fabric is sewn composite materials , with excellent arrangement layout and high temperature , electrical insulation , fire insulation materials fireproof antioxidant .
Fireproof fabric is sewn retardant composite materials , with excellent layout and arrangement temperature, electrical insulation , anti-oxidation and other excellent properties , high temperature of 550 ℃ -1100 ℃. Fireproof fireproof insulation material goods and to assist in the maintenance operation area , against welding spatter .
Fireproof applies to welding sparks , easily lead to fires occasions , able to withstand sparks splash, slag , welding spatter , etc. , play a barrier workplace , job separation layer eradicate welding operation can lead to the risk of fire.
Fireproof coating or composite through different disposition (PVC, chlorine tincture rubber, silicone , aluminum foil , etc. ) can be reached using different effects: waterproof, wear , corrosion , oil, heat-reflective , progressive resistance to temperature and holding time . About the object temperature greater than 550 ℃ , and advocated the use by vermiculite coated fiberglass fabric or high silica fiber woven fabrics. Fireproof insulation materials fireproof uncoated materials are usually softer , more suitable for concealed objects .
Thickness of less than 0.6mm fireproof fire fireproof insulation materials should be placed in a straight face used, that sparks the first time after the fall touch to prevent breakdown fireproof fireproof insulation materials ; horizontal plane should be selected using fire insulation thickness greater than 0.6mm data fireproof
Fireproof fabric is sewn retardant composite materials , with excellent layout and arrangement temperature, electrical insulation , anti-oxidation and other excellent properties , high temperature of 550 ℃ -1100 ℃. Fireproof fireproof insulation material goods and to assist in the maintenance operation area , against welding spatter .
Fireproof applies to welding sparks , easily lead to fires occasions , able to withstand sparks splash, slag , welding spatter , etc. , play a barrier workplace , job separation layer eradicate welding operation can lead to the risk of fire.
Fireproof coating or composite through different disposition (PVC, chlorine tincture rubber, silicone , aluminum foil , etc. ) can be reached using different effects: waterproof, wear , corrosion , oil, heat-reflective , progressive resistance to temperature and holding time . About the object temperature greater than 550 ℃ , and advocated the use by vermiculite coated fiberglass fabric or high silica fiber woven fabrics. Fireproof insulation materials fireproof uncoated materials are usually softer , more suitable for concealed objects .
Thickness of less than 0.6mm fireproof fire fireproof insulation materials should be placed in a straight face used, that sparks the first time after the fall touch to prevent breakdown fireproof fireproof insulation materials ; horizontal plane should be selected using fire insulation thickness greater than 0.6mm data fireproof
2013年9月14日星期六
Retardant textile technology status
For textile flammability characterization , availability limiting oxygen index, ie the material continues to burn fuel to maintain the minimum required percentage of the volume of oxygen . By limiting oxygen index (LOI) the textile materials into four categories : non-combustible (LOI ≥ 35%) of textiles, such as most metal fibers, carbon fibers, asbestos , boron fiber , glass fiber , PBO fiber , PBI ( polybenzimidazole ) fibers , polyimide fibers ; flame (LOI = 26 ~ 34%) textile products , such as Kevlar, Teflon , polyvinyl chloride , modified acrylic, modified polyester , modified polypropylene , modified polyvinyl alcohol , modified viscose , PPS ( polyphenylene sulfide ) , seaweed fiber, etc. ; combustible (LOI ≥ 26% ≤ 34%) textiles, such as polyester , nylon, polyvinyl alcohol , wool, silk , acetate fiber, etc. ; flammability (LOI ≤ 20) textiles, such as polypropylene, acrylic , cotton, linen, viscose fiber, bamboo fiber, soybean protein fiber, milk protein fiber. Although non-combustible fiber flame retardant effect is good, but most suitable for wearing or home , and most people used natural or chemical fibers are flammable or combustible , and only for such modification or finishing of textiles in order to improve their fire-retardant performance , that is, having a flame retardant capabilities through a variety of ways to reach into the textile flame retardant effect .
Fiber flame retardant fabric approach is to prevent or reduce fiber thermal decomposition , isolated or diluted oxygen, rapid cooling using its termination burning. To achieve the above object , a flame retardant function is generally the flame retardant polymer by polymerization , blending , copolymerization, composite spinning , and other technological then go into the fiber or the flame retardant coating finishing methods layer on the fiber surface or penetrate inside the fiber . In practical applications, often using a variety of flame retardant, synergistic effect of two or more ways to achieve flame retardant effect .
Fiber flame retardant fabric approach is to prevent or reduce fiber thermal decomposition , isolated or diluted oxygen, rapid cooling using its termination burning. To achieve the above object , a flame retardant function is generally the flame retardant polymer by polymerization , blending , copolymerization, composite spinning , and other technological then go into the fiber or the flame retardant coating finishing methods layer on the fiber surface or penetrate inside the fiber . In practical applications, often using a variety of flame retardant, synergistic effect of two or more ways to achieve flame retardant effect .
2013年9月9日星期一
Anti-static cloth textiles Research In Motion
Anti-static cloth textiles textiles conduction through the electrostatic corona discharge or leakage , which has a permanent antistatic properties, easy to produce static electricity for a place in the staff wear, such as electronics , aviation, aerospace, petroleum, coal and other industries . Now the country has carburizing , stainless steel fibers , polyacrylonitrile fibers , State Grid Electric Power Research Institute of stainless steel fibers and textile fibers blended , prepared a 1000kV UHV AC antistatic protective clothing , and has good the electric field shielding effectiveness and wearing comfort . Preparation of anti-static fabric , the fibers can also be added internally electroconductive material or antistatic agent , or added to a conductive textile fibers or fine metal wire in order to obtain an antistatic effect . In recent years , researchers in the fabric by spaced by a conductive sheath-core fibers for the development of antistatic fabric , to obtain polyester (skin ) and carbon fiber (core ) to form a sheath-core type composite fibers, nylon and carbon fiber mixed spun to form a composite fiber. Japanese Charges Tian Zhengbo to iodine , copper core of polyethylene , polyester PET as the skin, the use of composite spinning method were organic conductive fibers conducting component along the fiber axis continuous , easy-to escape the charge of anti-static cloth .
Anti-static fabric garment production practices
Avoid clothing fabric is antistatic fabric static friction in some explosive situations are very dangerous , some of the work environment does not allow static interference , and therefore not allowed to wear clothing with the activities of the human body harmful static electricity. Used in electronics , aviation, aerospace, petroleum, coal and other industries of protective clothing and textile goods, must have good capabilities to eliminate static electricity . Market in recent years on the development of anti-static fabric and functional textile products , mainly in the fabric insert appropriate intervals conductive metal filaments in the spinning process or adding a certain percentage of the metal staple fibers , the use of metal is a good electrical conductor to conduction and eliminate static electricity.
Embedded in the fabric of conductive metal filament process is relatively simple way , but the use of this process to produce an antistatic polyester fabric cards , often due to cling to the outside of the metal filaments of the yarn of the fabric exposed surface unevenness , and the metal filaments are is not complete with fabric dyeing and coloring , so it seriously affects the fabric dyeing and finishing effects, caused by cotton fabric and anti-static and anti-static polyester card CVC anti-static fabric color flower uneven dyeing and finishing process is difficult overcome defects . In comparison, the spinning process at a certain mixing ratio man metal staple fibers , in certain conditions , it is possible to sufficiently uniformly mixed with the ordinary fibers , to achieve the same color . Weaving and spinning with the process that is able to maintain long-term anti-static function , but also a good solution after dyeing and finishing processes appear uneven dyeing color flower problem .
2013年9月6日星期五
Flame retardant fabric fire retardant clothing fabric cleaning and maintenance
A . Precautions
. Retardant fabric suitable for use in general industrial and thermal protection. Clothes on fire in the fire occurred , they should leave as soon as the fire / heat, shaking clothes and clothes off as soon as possible . Cotton flame retardant fabric properties are processed through a series of chemical adhesion to the fibers , so the cleaning needs special attention in order to preserve it as long as possible protective performance.
Suited occasions: fire fighting , metal splash, industrial radiography and harmful light, a lot of welding spatter and other occasions, high-temperature environment, chemical splash and corrosion of the occasion.
Two . Washing and Drying Considerations
◆ washing temperature should be controlled at 60 º C or less, do not use boiling water . If you can clean , then use the water temperature as low as possible , so to minimize shrinkage .
◆ wish to use the supermarket sales of household synthetic detergent , bio- synthetic detergent , PH value is preferably neutral .
◆ Avoid using strong oxidizing flame retardant grade bleaching powder for example , sodium hypochlorite bleach products, avoid using fabric softener , these chemicals may diminish clothes flame retardant properties.
◆ Avoid using soap and soap powder .
◆ clothes is best to avoid direct sunlight package sun , take dry naturally, can also use the machine drying, drying temperature should be 70 ° C or less, or when the clothes were still a little moist when drying the clothes from the dryer immediately take walk, to avoid excessive contraction.
◆ If you need ironing, the clothes still a little humid circumstances ironing as well.
◆ cotton flame retardant overalls we can use dry cleaning, general commercial dry cleaners will not affect its flame retardant properties.
◆ new clothes for the first time need to wash before wearing again.
◆ washing temperature should be controlled at 60 º C or less, do not use boiling water . If you can clean , then use the water temperature as low as possible , so to minimize shrinkage .
◆ wish to use the supermarket sales of household synthetic detergent , bio- synthetic detergent , PH value is preferably neutral .
◆ Avoid using strong oxidants such as bleaching powder , sodium hypochlorite bleach products, avoid using fabric softener , these chemicals may diminish clothes flame retardant properties.
◆ Avoid using soap and soap powder .
◆ clothes is best to avoid direct sunlight UV fabric bag sun , take dry naturally, can also use the machine drying, drying temperature should be 70 ° C or less, when the clothes have been dried or still a little moist from dry clothes immediately when clothes dryers removed, so as to avoid excessive contraction.
◆ If you need ironing, the clothes still a little humid circumstances ironing as well.
◆ cotton flame retardant overalls we can use dry cleaning, general commercial dry cleaners will not affect its flame retardant properties.
. Retardant fabric suitable for use in general industrial and thermal protection. Clothes on fire in the fire occurred , they should leave as soon as the fire / heat, shaking clothes and clothes off as soon as possible . Cotton flame retardant fabric properties are processed through a series of chemical adhesion to the fibers , so the cleaning needs special attention in order to preserve it as long as possible protective performance.
Suited occasions: fire fighting , metal splash, industrial radiography and harmful light, a lot of welding spatter and other occasions, high-temperature environment, chemical splash and corrosion of the occasion.
Two . Washing and Drying Considerations
◆ washing temperature should be controlled at 60 º C or less, do not use boiling water . If you can clean , then use the water temperature as low as possible , so to minimize shrinkage .
◆ wish to use the supermarket sales of household synthetic detergent , bio- synthetic detergent , PH value is preferably neutral .
◆ Avoid using strong oxidizing flame retardant grade bleaching powder for example , sodium hypochlorite bleach products, avoid using fabric softener , these chemicals may diminish clothes flame retardant properties.
◆ Avoid using soap and soap powder .
◆ clothes is best to avoid direct sunlight package sun , take dry naturally, can also use the machine drying, drying temperature should be 70 ° C or less, or when the clothes were still a little moist when drying the clothes from the dryer immediately take walk, to avoid excessive contraction.
◆ If you need ironing, the clothes still a little humid circumstances ironing as well.
◆ cotton flame retardant overalls we can use dry cleaning, general commercial dry cleaners will not affect its flame retardant properties.
◆ new clothes for the first time need to wash before wearing again.
◆ washing temperature should be controlled at 60 º C or less, do not use boiling water . If you can clean , then use the water temperature as low as possible , so to minimize shrinkage .
◆ wish to use the supermarket sales of household synthetic detergent , bio- synthetic detergent , PH value is preferably neutral .
◆ Avoid using strong oxidants such as bleaching powder , sodium hypochlorite bleach products, avoid using fabric softener , these chemicals may diminish clothes flame retardant properties.
◆ Avoid using soap and soap powder .
◆ clothes is best to avoid direct sunlight UV fabric bag sun , take dry naturally, can also use the machine drying, drying temperature should be 70 ° C or less, when the clothes have been dried or still a little moist from dry clothes immediately when clothes dryers removed, so as to avoid excessive contraction.
◆ If you need ironing, the clothes still a little humid circumstances ironing as well.
◆ cotton flame retardant overalls we can use dry cleaning, general commercial dry cleaners will not affect its flame retardant properties.
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