In recent years, China's average annual number of fires is 3-40000, the death toll 2-3 thousand, fire losses equivalent 2-300000000 yuan, but also on the rise. According to the United States, Britain, Japan and other countries on the cause of the fire investigation, fire caused by the textile fires accounted for half of the total. So to prevent fires caused by the textile issue has drawn worldwide attention.
With all kinds of civil and industrial textiles consumption increased rapidly, especially in a variety of interior decorative fabrics and bedding cabin increasing demand from textile fires is increasing. The 1960s Japan, Europe and other developed countries on textiles flame retardant finishing requests, and develop all kinds of textile flammability standards, China has also developed a corresponding flammability standards, clearly put forward the test methods of flame retardant products and technical specifications, quality control of textile flame retardant to provide a guarantee. In the application, from the types of textiles and places restrictions applicable to non-fire-retardant fabrics.
Since polyester fabrics from synthetic material properties, and therefore have a highly flammable characteristics, and thus the development of textile polyester flame retardant is extremely important. In addition, as flame-retardant polyester fibers during the spinning process by limiting the amount of fire retardant material is added, it is difficult to achieve the desired flame retardant effect. According to the characteristics of polyester fiber, we used high-tech Co., Ltd. Beijing Jlsun retardant polyester Padding ATP through the process at high temperature setting, the flame retardant fabric material of small molecules embedded in polyester macromolecules, forming a good bonding, exhibit both excellent flame retardant effect, have excellent washability.
Second, the polyester fiber flame retardant mechanism
Many different types of polyester fiber, and its structure are not the same, and therefore its combustion is also different. Textiles and other substances are also burning, must meet three conditions: heat, air and combustible materials. Textiles combustion, are caused by external heat, when the temperature of the heat source reaches a certain height, the decomposition or pyrolysis to produce combustible gas, mixed with oxygen in the air and to fire. In the meantime, in the gas, liquid and solid phases occurring physical and chemical reactions are very complex and subject to many factors, so far it is still hard for quantitative analysis. The qualitative description of the combustion of textiles is also not perfect.
Textiles combustion process comprises heating, melting, cracking and decomposition, oxidation, and other steps fire. The speed of the individual steps is also influenced by many factors. Textile heating, the first evaporation, softening and melting such physical changes, is followed by chemical changes such as cracking and decomposition. Physical change and textile fibers heat, thermal conductivity, heat of fusion and evaporation latent heat and so on; chemical change and determine the fiber decomposition and cracking temperature, the size of the latent heat of decomposition. In addition, the types of textiles, organizational structure, surface morphology on the combustion is going to affect.
1. Pyrolysis polyester fiber
The textile fiber pyrolysis combustion process is a critical step which determines the composition and proportion of cleavage product, as to whether the continued burning great relationship. Learn textiles pyrolysis and the pyrolysis product that can help us develop and formulate textile flame retardant finishing process. By making these flame retardant finishing reduce flammable substances or to be closed in order to achieve the purpose of flame.
Polyester fiber is one of the widely used synthetic fiber, its combustion and other synthetic polymer materials, the exposure and high-temperature heat source, after absorbing heat thermal cracking reaction, thermal cracking reaction of flammable gases, flammable gases in the air ( oxygen) in the presence of, the occurrence of combustion, the combustion heat is absorbed by the fiber, but also to promote the fibers continue and further combustion of pyrolysis to form a loop. Synthetic sustained combustion, must meet the following conditions: ① polymer decomposition to produce combustible gas; ② the heat produced by combustion, the polymer is sufficient to heat, so that the combustible gas produced continuously; ③ resulting physical and oxygen gas can mixed, and spread to the ignition part; ④ combustion section to spread to a mixture of combustible gas and oxygen zone. For these four conditions have been proposed flame retardant of the basic principle: decrease (or substantially no) pyrolysis gas generation, the basic reaction of the combustion gas hinder the absorption of heat combustion zone, the air dilution and isolation.
2. Polyester fiber flame retardant mechanism
Flame retardant material, often by gas flame, condensed phase flame retardant and heat exchange interrupt mechanism to achieve such. Inhibition of growth promoting combustion reaction chain radicals play a gas flame retardant functions are; in the solid phase delay or prevent the polymer from the thermal decomposition of condensed phase flame retardant effect is; burning part of the polymer heat away as a result of fire, heat exchangers belong to interrupt management class flame retardant. However, combustion and flame are very complex process and involves a lot of factors that affect the mechanism of a flame retardant system is divided into a strict one is difficult, in fact, a lot of flame retardant system simultaneously in several resistance burning mechanism work.
Polyester fiber fabric flame retardant finishing modification process is simple, low cost, from the circulation of diversity and degree requirements for a wide range of flame retardant adaptability of view, than the original silk favorable modification method. However, if the amount is more flame retardants, the texture and color of the fabric greater impact. Polyester fiber fabric flame retardant finishing methods generally have the following three categories:
1) as a flame retardant design imaging dyes adsorption-type structure, the use of finishing - stained a bath process.
2) with a hot melt method with great affinity flame retardant polyester fiber fixed to the fiber. This method is suitable for flame retardants narrow range, little effect on the texture, wash fastness.
3) dissolution retardant and easy to use, flame-retardant effect is good, for natural and chemical fiber fabrics and paper intolerance wash flame retardant finishing, but also for hotels, cars and other interior materials used in flame retardant finishing.
Third, the flame retardant finishing process
Flame retardant fabrics can be woven from fibers directly, since the method is a melt-spinning process by adding synthetic material flame retardant fiber, it should be the type of flame retardant material, physical characteristics, and add amount, or else we will have a direct impact on the effect of flame-retardant fibers and fiber spinning process of implementation. Due to the restriction of flame retardant material added (typically was 3%), so this flame-retardant fiber is generally not achieve the desired flame retardant effect, so this method is rarely used. General process is the use of flame-retardant fabric fire retardant finishing methods. According resistance
Flame retardant properties and varieties of polyester fabric and the fabric uses, different finishing methods.
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